- Editor’s Preface
- Introduction James McCune Smith
- The Author’s Childhood
- Place of Birth
- Character of the District
- Time of Birth—My Grandparents
- Character of my Grandmother
- The Log Cabin—Its Charms
- First Knowledge of Being a Slave
- Old Master—Griefs and Joys of Childhood
- Comparative Happiness of the Slave-Boy and his White Brother
- The Author Removed From His First Home
- The name “Old Master” a Terror
- Home Attractions—Dread of being removed from Tuckahoe
- The Journey to Col. Lloyd’s Plantation
- Scene on reaching Old Master’s
- First Meeting with my Brothers and Sisters
- Departure of Grandmother—Author’s Grief
- The Author’s Parentage
- Author’s Father shrouded in Mystery
- My Mother—Her Personal Appearance
- Her Situation—Visits to her Boy
- Cruelty of “Aunt Katy”—Threatened Starvation
- My Mother’s Interference
- Her Death
- Her Love of Knowledge
- Penalty for Having a White Father
- A General Survey of the Slave Plantation
- Slaveholding Cruelty restrained by Public Opinion
- Isolation of Lloyd’s Plantation
- Beyond the reach of Public Opinion
- Religion and Politics alike Excluded
- Natural and Artificial Charms of the Place
- The “Great House”
- Etiquette among Slaves
- The Comic Slave-Doctor
- Praying and Flogging
- Business and Old Master
- Sufferings from Hunger
- Jargon of the Plantation
- Family of Col. Lloyd—Mas’ Daniel
- Family of Old Master—Social Position
- Gradual Initiation into the Mysteries of Slavery
- Growing Acquaintances with Old Master—His Character
- Evils of Unrestrained Passion—A Man of Trouble
- Supposed Obtuseness of Slave-Children
- Brutal Outrage on my Aunt Milly by a drunken Overseer
- Slaveholders’ Impatience at Appeals against Cruelty
- Wisdom of appealing to Superiors
- Attempt to break up a Courtship
- Slavery destroys all Incentives to a Virtuous Life
- A Harrowing Scene
- Treatment of Slaves on Lloyd’s Plantation
- The Author’s Early Reflections on Slavery
- Conclusions at which he Arrived
- Presentiment of one day being a Freeman
- Combat between and Overseer and a Slave-Woman
- Nelly’s noble Resistance
- Advantages of Resistance
- Mr Sevier, the brutal Overseer, and his Successors
- Allowance-day on the Home Plantation
- The Singing of the Slaves no Proof of Contentment
- Food and Clothing of the Slaves
- Naked Children
- Nursing Children carried to the Field
- Description of the Cowskin
- Manner of making the Ash Cake—The Dinner Hour
- Contrast at the Great House
- Life in the Great House
- Comfort and Luxuries—Elaborate Expenditure
- Men and Maid Servants—Black Aristocracy
- Stable and Carriage House
- Deceptive Character of Slavery
- Slaves and Slaveholders alike Unhappy
- Fretfulness and Capriciousness of Slaveholders
- Whipping of Old Barney by Col. Lloyd
- William Wilks, a supposed son of Col. Lloyd
- Curious Incident—Penalty of telling the Truth
- Preference of Slaves for Rich Masters
- A Chapter of Horrors
- Austin Gore—Sketch of His Character
- Absolute Power of Overseers
- Murder of Denby—How it Occurred
- How Gore made Peace with Col. Lloyd
- Murder of a Slave-girl by Mrs Hicks
- No Laws for the Protection of Slaves can be Enforced
- Personal Treatment of the Author
- Miss Lucretia Auld—Her Kindness
- A Battle with “Ike,” and its Consequences
- Beams of Sunlight
- Suffering from Cold—How we took our Meals
- Orders to prepare to go to Baltimore—Extraordinary Cleansing
- Cousin Tom’s Description of Baltimore
- The Journey
- Arrival at Baltimore
- Kindness of my new Mistress—Little Tommy
- A Turning Point in My History
- Life in Baltimore
- City Annoyances—Plantation Regrets
- My Improved Condition
- Character of my new Master, Hugh Auld
- My Occupation—Increased Sensitiveness
- Commencement of Learning to Read—Why Discontinued
- Master Hugh’s Exposition of the true Philosophy of Slavery
- Increased Determination to Learn
- Contrast between City and Plantation Slaves
- Mrs Hamilton’s Brutal Treatment of her Slaves
- “A Change Came O’er The Spirit of My Dream”
- Knowledge Acquired By Stealth
- My Mistress—Her Slaveholding Duties
- Deplorable Effects on her Character
- How I pursued my Education—My Tutors
- My Deliberations on the Character of Slavery
- The Columbian Orator and Its Lessons
- Speeches of Chatham, Sheridan, Pitt, and Fox
- Knowledge ever Increasing—My Eyes Opened
- How I pined for Liberty
- Dissatisfaction of my poor Mistress
- Religious Nature Awakened
- Abolitionists spoken of
- Eagerness to know what the word meant
- The Enigma solved—Turner’s Insurrection
- First Awakened to the subject of Religion
- My Friend Lawson—His Character and Occupation
- Comfort Derived from his Teaching
- New Hopes and Aspirations
- The Irishmen on the Wharf—Their Sympathy
- How I learned to Write
- The Vicissitudes of Slave Life
- Death of Young Master Richard
- Author’s Presence required at the Division of Old Master’s Property
- Attachment of Slaves to their Homes
- Sad Prospects and Grief
- General Dread of Master Andrew—His Cruelty
- Return to Baltimore—Death of Mistress Lucretia
- My poor old Grandmother—Her sad Fate
- Second Marriage of Master Thomas
- Again Removed from Master Hugh’s
- Regrets at Leaving Baltimore
- A Plan of Escape Entertained
- Experience in St Michael’s
- The Village and its Inhabitants
- Meteoric Phenomena—Author’s Impressions
- Character of my new Master and Mistress
- Allowance of Food—Sufferings from Hunger
- Stealing and its Vindication
- A new Profession of Fiath
- Morality of Free Society has no Application to Slave Society
- Southern Camp-Meeting—Master Thomas professes Conversion
- Hopes and Suspicions
- The Result—Faith and Works entirely at Variance
- No more Meal brought from the Mill—Methodist Preachers
- Their utter Disregard of the Slaves—An Exception
- A Sabbath School Instituted
- How broken up and by whom
- Cruel Treatment of Cousin Henry by Master Thomas
- Differences with Master Thomas, and the Consequences
- Edward Covey—His Character
- Covey, The Negro-Breaker
- Journey to my new Master’s
- Meditations by the way
- View of Covey’s Residence—The Family
- Awkwardness as a Field Hand
- First Adventure at Ox Driving
- Unruly Animals—Hair breadth Escapes
- Oxen and Men—Points of Similarity
- Sent back to the Woods
- Covey’s Manner of proceeding to Whip
- His Cunning and Trickery—Severe Labor
- Family Worship
- Shocking Contempt for Chastity—An Illustration
- Author Broken Down—His only Leisure Time
- Freedom of the Ships and his own Slavery Contrasted
- Anguish beyond Description
- Another Pressure of the Tyrant’s Vice
- Experience at Covey’s summed up
- Scene in the Treading Yard
- Author taken Ill
- Unusual Brutality of Covey
- Escape to St Michael’s—Suffering in the Woods
- Circumstances Narrated to Master Thomas—His Bearing
- The Case Prejudged—Driven back to Covey’s
- The Last Flogging
- A Sleepless Night—Return to Covey’s
- His Conduct—Again Escape to the Woods
- Deplorable Spectacle—Night in the Woods
- An Alarm—A Friend, not an Enemy
- Sandy’s Hospitality—The Ash Cake Supper
- A Conjuror—His Advice—The Magic Root
- Want of Faith—The Talisman Accepted
- Meeting with Covey—His Sunday Face
- His Manner on Monday—A Defensive Resolve
- A Rough and Tumble Fight
- Unexpected Resistance
- Covey’s Ineffectual Commands for Assistance
- The Victory and its Results
- Effects upon my own Character
- New Relations and Duties
- Change of Masters—Resolve to Fight My Way
- Ability to Read a cause of Prejudice
- Manner of Spending the Holidays
- The Effects—Sharp hit at Slavery
- A Device of Slavery
- Difference Between Master Freeland and Covey
- An Irreligious Master Preferred—The Reasons Why
- The Reverend Rigby Hopkins
- Catalogue of Floggable Offences
- Rivalry Among Slaves Encouraged
- Improved Condition at Freeland’s
- Reasons for continued Discontent
- Congenial Society—The Sabbath School
- Its Members—Necessity for Secrecy
- Affectionate Relations of Master and Pupils
- Confidence and Friendship among Slaves
- Slavery the Inviter of Vengeance
- The Runaway Plot
- New Year’s Thoughts and Reflections
- Again hired by Freeland
- Still Devising Plans for gaining Freedom
- A Solemn Vow—Plan Divulged to the Slaves
- Arguments in its Support—The Scheme gains Favor
- Danger of Discover—Difficulty of Concealment
- Skill of Slaveholders—Suspicion and Coercion
- Hymns with a Double Meaning
- Author’s Confederates—His Influence over them
- Preliminary Consultations—Pass-words
- Conflict of Hopes and Fears—Ignorance of Geography
- Survey of Imaginary Difficulties
- Effect upon our Minds
- Sandy becomes a Dreamer
- Route to the North laid out—Objections Considered
- Frauds Practiced on Freeman—Passes Written
- Anxieties as the Time drew near
- Appeals to Comrades—A Presentiment
- The Betrayal Discovered
- Manner of Arresting us
- Resistance made by Henry Harris—Its Effects
- Unique Speech of Mrs Freeland
- Our Sad Procession to Easton
- Passes Eaten—The Examination at St Michael’s
- No Evidence Produced—Who was the Betrayer?
- Dragged behind Horses—The Jail a Relief
- A New set of Tormentors
- Release of my Companions
- Author taken out of Prison and sent to Baltimore
- Apprenticeship Life
- Nothing Lost by the Attempt to Run Away
- Reasons for Sending the Author Away
- Unlooked for Clemency in Master Thomas
- Return to Baltimore—Change in Little Tommy
- Trials in Gardiner’s Ship Yard
- Desperate Fight with the White Apprentices
- Conflict between White and Black Labor
- Description of the Outrage
- Conduct of Master Hugh
- Testimony of a Colored Man Nothing
- Spirit of Slavery in Baltimore
- Author’s Condition Improves
- New Associates—Benefits derived therefrom
- How to make a Content Slave
- My Escape from Slavery
- Manner of Escape not given—Reasons why
- Craftiness and Malice of Slaveholders
- Want of Wisdom in Publishing Details of Escape
- Suspicions Implied by Master Hugh’s Manner
- Difficulty of Escape—Discontent
- Author allowed to Hire his Time
- A Gleam of Hope—Hard Terms
- Author attends Camp Meeting without Permission
- Anger of Master Hugh thereat
- Plans of Escape Accelerated thereby
- Painful Thoughts of Separation from Friends
- The Attempt made—Its success
- Liberty Attained
- Author a Wanderer in New York—Feelings on Reaching that City
- An Old Acquaintance met
- Unfavourable Impressions—Loneliness and Insecurity
- Apology for Slaves who Return to their Masters
- Made known my Condition—David Ruggles
- Author’s Marriage—Removal to New Bedford
- Kindness of Nathan Johnson—Change of Name
- Dark Notions of Northern Civilization enlightened
- Contrast between the North and the South
- Colored People in New Bedford
- An Incident Illustrating their Spirit
- The Author finds Employment
- Denied Work at his Trade
- The first Winter at the North
- Proscription in the Church
- An Incident at the Communion Table
- First Acquaintance with the Liberator
- Character of its Editor
- Prompt Attendance at Anti-Slavery Meetings
- Introduced to the Abolitionists
- Anti-Slavery Convention at Nantucket
- Author’s First Speech
- Becomes a Public Lecturer
- Youthful Enthusiasm
- Difficulties in his Position
- His Fugitive Slaveship Doubted
- Publishes his Narrative—Danger of Recapture
- Advised not to Publish his Story
- Twenty-one Months in Great Britain
- Good arising out of Unpropitious Events
- Embarks for England—Denied Cabin Passage
- Mob on board the Cambria—Happy Introduction to the British Public
- Letter to Mr Garrison
- “We don’t allow Niggers in here”
- Time and Labors Abroad
- Freedom Purchased—Free Papers
- Abolitionists Displeased with the Ransom
- How the Author’s Energies were Directed in Great Britain
- Reception Speech in Finsbury Chapel, London
- Character of the Speech Defended
- Causes Contributing to my Success
- The Free Church of Scotland—Its Position
- Agitation of the Slavery Question
- Debates in the General Assembly—”Send back the Money”
- Dr Cunningham’s Speech—A Striking Incident
- The World’s Temperance Convention—Collision with Dr Cox
- Proposed Testimonial to the Author
- Project of Establishing a Newspaper
- Return to America—Again Denied Cabin Passage
- Various Incidents
- Unexpected Opposition to my Newspaper Enterprise
- The Objections to it—Their Plausibility Admitted
- Motives for going to Rochester
- A Change of Opinions—Causes leading to it
- Prejudice against Color—The “Jim Crow” car
- An Amusing Domestic Scene
- The Author in High Company
- Elevation of the Free People of Color—Pledge for the Future
Frederick Douglass: Autobiographies also includes appendix of extracts from speeches etc., linked on that record:
- Reception Speech at Finsbury Chapel, Moorfields
- Letter to His Old Master
- The Nature of Slavery
- Inhumanity of Slavery
- What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?
- The Internal Slave Trade
- The Slavery Party
- The Anti-Slavery Movement
Locations in Harold's Library
- Frederick Douglass: Autobiographies (book)
- page 103
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